Consumo de tabaco en poblaciones estigmatizadas: una revisión de la literatura en Pubmed Tabaco en población estigmatizada

Tobacco consumption in stigmatized populations: A review of the literature on PubMed Tobacco in stigmatized populations

Publicado 2015-10-20

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Vol. 27 Núm. 4 (2015)
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Consumo de tabaco en poblaciones estigmatizadas: una revisión de la literatura en Pubmed Tabaco en población estigmatizada.
rev. colomb. neumol. [Internet]. 2015 Oct. 20 [cited 2024 Nov. 22];27(4). Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.30789/rcneumologia.v27.n4.2015.70
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https://doi.org/10.30789/rcneumologia.v27.n4.2015.70
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Ninguna publicación, nacional o extranjera, podrá reproducir ni traducir sus artículos ni sus resúmenes sin previa autorización escrita del editor; sin embargo  los usuarios pueden descargar la información contenida en ella, pero deben darle atribución o reconocimiento de propiedad intelectual, deben usarlo tal como está, sin derivación alguna.

Adriana Bravo
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
    María Carolina Cabrera
    Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
      Luisa Fernanda Gómez
      Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
        Andrés Felipe Pinto
        Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
          Diego Rosselli
          Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
            Mostrar biografía de los autores

            Adriana Bravo,

            Estudiante de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.

            María Carolina Cabrera,

            Estudiante de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.

            Luisa Fernanda Gómez,

            Estudiante de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.

            Andrés Felipe Pinto,

            Estudiante de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.

            Diego Rosselli,

            Profesor Asociado. Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística. Facultad de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.

            Introducción: las poblaciones de esquizofrénicos, homosexuales, presidiarios y trabajadores sexuales, están expuestas a factores de riesgo que afectan su morbimortalidad.

            Objetivo: revisar la literatura indexada en PubMed para tratar de cuantificar el incremento del consumo de tabaco en estos grupos.

            Materiales y métodos: se diseñó una estrategia de búsqueda sensible para cada uno de los grupos de interés. Dos integrantes del equipo revisaron títulos y resúmenes independientemente para excluir los irrelevantes. Luego de conseguir los textos completos se tabuló la información de cada estudio.

            Resultados: de 1.894 referencias, se excluyeron 1.365 en un primer filtro, 91 no se consiguieron y 206 estudios, provenientes de 31 países, aportaron información (101 de esquizofrenia, 68 de población homosexual, 31 de presidiarios y 6 de trabajadores sexuales). Las razones de disparidad (IC 95 %) contra grupo control fueron: esquizofrénicos 3,34 (2,95 - 3,78); población homosexual 2,03 (1,84 – 2,26); presidiarios hombres 6,60 (5,15 - 8,46), mujeres 9,72 (5,95 - 15,90) y trabajadoras sexuales 26,3 (6,7 – 103,2).

            Discusión: el consumo de tabaco es consistentemente elevado en estos grupos estigmatizados. Unido a otros estilos de vida poco saludables explican por qué sus riesgos en salud son mayores. Es necesario diseñar estrategias de intervención específicas para cada grupo.

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