Uso clínico de las pruebas de función pulmonar y la tomografía de alta resolución en las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales

Clinical use of pulmonary function tests and high-resolution tomography in interstitial lung diseases

Publicado 2010-09-01

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Vol. 22 Núm. 3 (2010)
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Uso clínico de las pruebas de función pulmonar y la tomografía de alta resolución en las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales.
rev. colomb. neumol. [Internet]. 2010 Sep. 1 [cited 2024 Dec. 21];22(3):89-9.
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Clara Patricia García Calderón
Médica internista y neumóloga. Universidad Javeriana. Medellín, Colombia.
    Luis Felipe Mejía Mejía
    Médico Radiólogo. Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia
      Mostrar biografía de los autores

      Clara Patricia García Calderón,

      Médica internista y neumóloga. Universidad Javeriana. Neumóloga en la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana y en IPS Universidad de Antioquia. Medellín, Colombi

      Luis Felipe Mejía Mejía,

      Médico Radiólogo. Universidad Javeriana. Radiólogo Clínica SOMA y Dinámica S.A. Medellín, Colombia

      En las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales (EPID) la historia clínica, el examen físico y las imágenes, especialmente la tomografía de alta resolución (TACAR), por lo general, establecen un diagnóstico.

      Es importante mencionar que aunque este grupo de enfermedades tienen diferentes características clínicas e histológicas; comparten una patrón básico de anomalías de la función pulmonar. En el caso de la TACAR, estas enfermedades tienen características similares, pero hay diferencias puntuales que ayudan en el abordaje del diagnóstico correcto.

      Estos trastornos tienen graves consecuencias sobre el intercambio gaseoso, que junto con otras anomalías de la función pulmonar producen los signos y síntomas y afectan la calidad de vida.

      La utilización de parámetros fisiológicos no sólo ayuda en el diagnóstico, sino que además evalúan la gravedad, ayudan a definir consecuencias del tratamiento y son útiles durante el seguimiento. Algunas de las pruebas de función pulmonar puede ser completamente normales con enfermedad radiográficamente severa, pero 10% de los pacientes presentan alteraciones de la función pulmonar antes de los cambios radiológicos (1).

      La TACAR es una herramienta imagenológica esencial en el estudio de estos pacientes, no sólo en el diagnóstico, sino en parámetros clínicos como seguimiento mientras continua abriéndose camino en su utilidad pronostica.

      A continuación evaluaremos el uso clínico de la función pulmonar y la TACAR en las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales.

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