Ir al menú de navegación principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página del sitio

Edema pulmonar inducido por las alturas

High altitude pulmonary edema



Abrir | Descargar


Sección
Revisión de tema

Cómo citar
Edema pulmonar inducido por las alturas.
rev. colomb. neumol. [Internet]. 2009 Apr. 14 [cited 2024 Nov. 22];21(1):21-8.

DOI
Licencia
Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Ninguna publicación, nacional o extranjera, podrá reproducir ni traducir sus artículos ni sus resúmenes sin previa autorización escrita del editor; sin embargo  los usuarios pueden descargar la información contenida en ella, pero deben darle atribución o reconocimiento de propiedad intelectual, deben usarlo tal como está, sin derivación alguna.

Andrés Borda
    Alirio Bastidas
      Frank Pernett

        El edema pulmonar inducido por las alturas hace parte del grupo de enfermedades inducidas por la altitud. En la actualidad existen numerosas inquietudes en su fisiopatología, manifestaciones clínicas y tratamiento. En el presente artículo se revisa la literatura disponible hasta el momento de esta enfermedad, pretendiendo aclarar estos aspectos. Además, se hace referencia a los resultados de estudios realizados en Colombia, con el fin de orientar un manejo adecuado de estos pacientes en nuestro medio.


        Visitas del artículo 2256 | Visitas PDF 816


        Descargas

        Los datos de descarga todavía no están disponibles.
        1. Moore LG, Niermeyer S, Zamudio S. Human adaptation to high altitude: regional and life-cycle perspectives. Am J Phys Anthropol 1998; Suppl 27: 25-64.
        2. West JB, The Physiologic Basis Of High-Altitude Diseases. Ann Intern Med, 2004; 141: 789-800.
        3. The Lake Louis Consensus on the Definition and Quantification of Altitude Illness. In: Sutton JR, Coates G, Houston C, editors. Hypoxia and mountain medicine. Burlington (VT): Queen City Press; 1992.
        4. Bärtsch P, Vock P, Maggiorini M, Franciolli M, et al. Respiratory symptoms, radiographic and physiologic correlations at high altitude. In: Sutton JR, Coates G, Remmers JE, eds. Hypoxia: the adaptations. Toronto: BC Decker; 1990: 241-5.
        5. Hurtado A. Aspectos Fisiológicos de la vida en la Altura. Lima: Empresa Edit. Rimac S.A.; 1937. (Resumen).
        6. Hultgren H, Spickard W. Medical experiences in Peru. Stanford Med Bull 1960; 18: 76-95.
        7. Houston C. Acute pulmonary edema of high altitude. N Engl J Med 1960; 263: 478-80.
        8. Hultgren H, Lopez CE, Lundberg E, Miller H. Physiologic studies of pulmonary edema at high altitude. Circulation 1964; 29: 393-408.
        9. Montgomery AB, Millis J, Luce JM. Incidence of acute mountain sickness at intermediate altitude. JAMA 1989; 261: 732-4.
        10. Hackett PH, Roach RC. High-altitude illness. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:107-14.
        11. Schneider M, Bernasch D, Weymann J, Holle R, Bartsch P. Acute mountain sickness: influence of susceptibility, preexposure, and ascent rate. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002; 34: 1886-91.
        12. Hackett PH, Creagh CE, Grover RF, Honigman B, et al. High altitude pulmonary edema in persons without the right pulmonary artery. N Engl J Med 1980; 302: 1070-3.
        13. Mortimer H, Patel S, Peacock SJ. The genetic basis of high-altitude pulmonary oedema. Pharmacol Ther 2004, 101; 183-92.
        14. Sophocles AM. High-altitude pulmonary edema in Vail, Colorado, 1975–1982. West J Med 1986; 144: 569-73.
        15. Maggiorini M, Buhler B, Walter M, Oelz O. Prevalence of acute mountain sickness in the Swiss Alps. BMJ 1990; 301:853-5.
        16. Bartsch P. High altitude pulmonary edema. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999; 31 (Suppl 1): S23-7.
        17. Singh I, Roy SB. High altitude pulmonary edema: clinical, hemodynamic, and pathologic studies. In: Command UARaD, editor. Biomedicine of high terrestrial elevation problems; 1969. p. 108–20. Washington D.C.
        18. Hackett PH, Rennie D. Rales, peripheral edema, retinal hemorrhage and acute mountain sickness. Am J Med 1979; 67: 214-8.
        19. Honigman B, Theis MK, Koziol-McLain J, et al. Acute mountain sickness in a general tourist population at moderate altitudes. Ann Intern Med 1993; 118: 587-92.
        20. Roach RC, Maes D, Sandoval D, et al. Exercise exacerbates acute mountain sickness at simulated high altitude. J Appl Physiol 2000; 88: 581-5.
        21. Hirata K, Masuyama S, Saito A. Obesity as risk factor for acute mountain sickness. Lancet 1989; 2 (8670): 1040-1.
        22. Maldonado D. High altitude pulmonary edema. Radiol Clin N Am 1978; 16: 537-49.
        23. Borda A, Bastidas A, Pernett F. Caracterización de pacientes con edema pulmonar inducido por las alturas en el Hospital Militar Central 1999-2006. Acta Medica de Cuidado Critico 2008.
        24. Rodway GW, Hoffman LA, Sanders MK. High-altitude-related disorders–Part I: Pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and treatment, Heart Lung 2003; 32: 253-9.
        25. Purkayastha S, Ray B, Arora P, Chhabra P, et al. Aclimatization at high altitude in gradual and acute induction, J. Appl Physiol 1995; 79: 487-92.
        26. Savourey G, Launay J, Besnard Yves, Guinet A, Travers S. Normo and hipobaric hypoxia: are there any physiological difference? Eur J Appl Physiol 2003; 89: 122-6.
        27. Duplain H, Vollenweider L, Delabays A, et al. Augmented sympathetic activation during short-term hypoxia and high altitude exposure in subjects susceptible to high-altitude pulmonary edema. Circulation 1999; 99: 1713-8.
        28. Tom D, Hilde S, Rudy S, Caceres E, et al. Effect of developmental and ancestral high-altitude exposure on VO2 peak of Andean and European/North American Natives. Am J Physical Anthropol 1999; 110: 435-55.
        29. Hanaoka M, Kubo K, Yamazaki Y, Miyahara T, et al. Association of high-altitude pulmonary edema with the mayor histocompatibility complex. Circulation 1998; 97: 1124-8.
        30. Robert N, Daniel B, Vachiéry J, Vuyst P. High-altitude pulmonary edema with primary pulmonary hypertension. Chest 1996; 110: 286-9.
        31. Durmowicz A. Pulmonary edema in 6 children with Down syndrome during travel to moderate altitudes. Pediatrics 2001; 108: 443-7.
        32. Ge R, Matsuzawa Y, Takeoka M, Kubo K, et al. Low pulmonary diffusing capacity in subjects with acute mountain sickness. Chest, 111: 58-64, 1997.
        33. Weiskope R, Severinghaus J. Diffusing capacity of the lung for CO in man during acute acclimation to 14246 ft. J Appl Physiol 1972; 32: 285-9.
        34. Grûning E, Mereles D, Hildebrandt W, Swenson E. Stress Doppler echocardiography for identification of susceptibility to high altitude pulmonary edema. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 980-7.
        35. Peacock A. High altitude pulmonary oedema: who gets it and why? Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 1819-21.
        36. Kenneth E, Lopez J, Buckler K, Archer S. Acute Oxygen Sensing Mechanisms, N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2042-55.
        37. Aaronson PI, Roberson TP, Knock GA, et al. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: mechanisms and controversies, J. Physiol 2006; 570: 53-8.
        38. Ge RL, Witkowsk S, Zhang Y, Alfrey C, et al. Determinants of erythropoietin release in response to short-term hypobaric hypoxia. J Appl Physiol 2002; 92: 2361-7.
        39. Zhu H, Jackson T, Bunn F. Detecting and responding to hypoxia. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17 (Suppl 1): 3-7.
        40. Boussat S, Eddahibi S, Coste A, Fataccioli V, et al. Expression and regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor in human pulmonary epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2000; 279: L371-8.
        41. Kourembanas S, Morita T, Christou H, Liu Y, et al. Hypoxic responses of vascular cells. Chest 1998; 114: 25-8.
        42. Hotta J, Hanaoka M, Droma Y, Katsuyama Y, et al. Polymorphisms of Renin-Angiotensin system genes with high altitude pulmonary edema in japanese subjects. Chest 2004; 126: 825-30.
        43. Hanaoka M, Droma Y, Hotta J, Matsuzawa Y, Kobayashi T, Kubo K, et al. Polymorphisms of the Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene in Subjects Susceptible to Higt-Altitude Pulmonary Edema. Chest 2004; 126: 825-830.
        44. Saxena S, Kumar R, Madan T, Gupta V, et al. Association of polymorphisms in pulmonary surfactant protein A1 and A2 genes with high-altitude pulmonary edema. Chest 2005, 128:1611-9.
        45. Richalet J, High altitude pulmonary oedema: Still a place for controversy? Thorax 1995; 50: 923-9.
        46. Hong Z, Weir EK, Nelson DP, Olsehewski A. Subacute hypoxia decreases voltage-activated potassium channel expression and function in pulmonary artery myocytes. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2004; 31: 337-43.
        47. Murray F, Insel PA, Yuan JX. Role of O2-sensitive K+ and Ca2+channels in the regulation of the pulmonary circulation: potential role of caveolae and implications for high altitude pulmonary edema. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2006; 151: 192-208.
        48. Berger MM, Hesse C, Dehnert C, Siedler H, Kleinbongard P, et al. Hypoxia impairs systemic endothelial function in individuals prone to high-altitude pulmonary edema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 172: 763-7.
        49. Grisson C, Zimmerman G, Whatley R, et al. Endothelial selectins in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude pulmonary edema. Chest 1997; 112: 1572-8.
        50. Bärtsch P, Lämmle B, Huber I, Haeberli A, et al. Contact phase of blood coagulation is not activated in edema of high altitude. J Appl Physiol 1989; 67: 1336-40.
        51. Stuehr D, Santolini J, Quing Z. Update on mechanism and catalytic regulation in the no synthases. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 36137-70.
        52. Stuehr D, Pou S, Rosen GM. Oxygen reduction by nitric-oxide synthases. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 14533-6.
        53. Mason N. The pathology of high altitude: an introduction to the disease states of high altitude. Curr Anaesth Crit Care 2000; 11: 104-12.
        54. Hankim TS, Michel RP, Minami H, Chang HK. Site of pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction studied with arterial and venous occlusion. J Appl Physiol 1983; 54: 1298-302.
        55. Maggiorini M, Mélot C, Pierre S, Pferiffer F. High-altitude pulmonary edema is initially caused by an increase in capillary pressure. Circulation 2001; 103: 2078-83.
        56. Cremona G, Asnaghi R, Baderna P, Brunetto A, Brustsaert T. Pulmonary extrvascular fluid accumulation in recreational climbers: a prospective study, Lancet 2002; 359: 303-9.
        57. West JB, Tsukimoto K, Mathieu-Costello O, Prediletto R. Stress failure in pulmonary capillaries. J Appl Physiol 1991; 70: 1731-42.
        58. Swenson ER, Maggiorini M, Mongovin S, Gibbs J. Pathogenesis of high-altitude pulmonary edema, inflammation is not an etiologic factor. JAMA 2002; 287: 2228-35.
        59. Clough AV, Haworth ST, Ma W, Dawson CA. Effects of hypoxia on pulmonary microvascular volume. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 279: H1274-82.
        60. Wagner WW, Latham LP, Capen RL. Capillary recruitment during airway hypoxia: role of pulmonary artery pressure. J Appl Physiol 1979; 47: 383-7.
        61. Hopkins SR, Garg J, Bolar DS, Balousch J, Levin DL. Pulmonary blood flow heterogeneity during hypoxia and high-altitude pulmonary edema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171: 83-7.
        62. Hopkins SR, Levin DL. Heterogeneous pulmonary blood flow in response to hypoxia: a risk factor for high altitude pulmonary edema? Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2006; 151: 217-28.
        63. Lamm WJ, Starr IR, Neradilek B, et al. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is heterogeneously distributed in the prone dog. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2004; 144: 281-94.
        64. Matthay M, Folkesson H, Clerici C, Lung epithelial fluid transport and the resolution of pulmonary edema. Physiol Rev 2002; 82:569-600.
        65. Oliver R, Scherrer U, Horisberger J, Rossier B, Hummler E. Lung edema clearance: 20 years of progress, selected contribution: limiting Na+ transport rate in airway epithelia from alpha-ENaC transgenic mice: a model for pulmonary edema, J Appl Physiol 2002; 93: 1881-7.
        66. Mairbäurl H. Role of alveolar epithelial sodium transport in high altitude pulmonary edema. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2006; 151:178-91.
        67. Dada L, Chandel N, Ridge K, Pedemonte C, Berorello A, Sznajder J. Hypoxia-induced endocitosis of Na, K-ATPase in alveolar epithelial cells is mediated by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and PKC-zeta. J Clin Invest 2003; 111: 1057-64.
        68. Bärtsch P, Shaw S, Franciolli M, Gnädinger MP, Widemann P. Atrial natriuretic peptide in acute mountain sickness. J Appl Physiol 1988; 65: 1929-37.
        69. Schoene RB. Illnesses at high altitude, Chest 2008; 134: 402-16.
        70. Schoene RB. Unraveling the mechanism of high altitude pulmonary edema. High Alt Med Biol. 2004; 5: 125-35.
        71. Gabry AL, Ledoux S, Mozziconacci M, Martin C. High-altitude pulmonary edema at moderate altitude (< 2400 m; 7,890 feet) a series of 52 patients. Chest 2003; 123: 49-53.
        72. Norboo T, Saiyed HN, Angchuk PT, Tsering P, et al. Mini review of high altitude health problems in Ladakh. Biomed Pharmacother 2004; 58: 220-5.
        73. Kobayashi T, Koyama S, Kubo KMF, Kusama S. Clinical features of patients with high altitude pulmonary edema in Japan. Chest 1987; 92: 814-21.
        74. Maggiorini M, Bärtsch P, Oelz O. Association between raised body temperature and acute mountain sickness: a cross sectional study. BMJ 1997; 315: 403-4.
        75. Hultgren HN. High altitude pulmonary edema: current concepts. Ann Rev Med 1996; 47: 267-84.
        76. Hultgren HN, Honigman B, Theis K, Nicholas D. High-altitude pulmonary edema at a ski resort. West J Med 1996; 164: 222-7.
        77. Vock P, Fretz C, Franciolli M, Bärtsch P. High altitude pulmonary edema: findings at high altitude chest radiography and physical examination. Radiology 1989; 170: 661-6.
        78. Hackett PH, Roach RC: High-Altitude Medicine. In: Auerbach PS (ed): Wilderness Medicine, 3rd edition; Mosby, St. Louis, MO 1995; 1-37.
        79. Swenson S, Maggiorini M, Mongovin S, Gibbs S, Greve I, Maierbaurl H, et al. High altitude pulmonary edema is a noninflammatory high permeability leak of the alveolar–capillary barrier. JAMA 2002; 287: 2226-35.
        80. King JS, Greenlee RR. Successful use of the Gamow hyperbaric bag in the treatment of altitude illness at Mount Everest. J Wilderness Med 1990; 1:193-202.
        81. Taber RL. Protocols for the use of portable hyperbaric chamber for the treatment of high altitude disorders. J Wilderness Med 1990;1: 181-92.
        82. Maggiorini M. High altitude-induced pulmonary oedema. Cardiovasc Res 2006; 72: 41-50.
        83. Larson EB. Positive airway pressure for high-altitude pulmonary oedema. Lancet 1985; 1: 371-3.
        84. Oelz O, Maggiorini M, Ritter M, Waber U, Jenni R, Vock P, et al. Nifedipine for high altitude pulmonary oedema. Lancet 1989; 2: 1241-4.
        85. Maggiorini M, Brunner HP, Peth S, et al. Both tadalafil and dexamethasone may reduce the incidence of high-altitude pulmonary edema. Ann Intern Med 2006; 145: 497-506.
        86. Hackett PH, Roach RC, Hartig GS, Greene ER, Levine BD. The effect of vasodilators on pulmonary hemodynamics in high altitude pulmonary edema: a comparison. Int J Sports Med 1992; 13 (Suppl 1): S68-S71.
        87. Zhao L, Mason N, Morrel N, Kojomazarov B, et al. Sildenafil inhibits hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Circulation 2001; 104: 424-8.
        88. Eldridge MW, Braun RK, Yoneda KY, Walby WF. Effects of altitude and exercise on pulmonary capillary integrity: evidence for subclinical high-altitude pulmonary edema. J Appl Physiol 2006; 100: 972-80.
        89. Maggiorini M, Brunner-La Rocca H-P, Bärtsch P, et al. Dexamethasone and tadalafil prophylaxis prevents both excessive pulmonary constriction and high altitude pulmonary edema in susceptible subjects. Eur Respir J 2004; 24 (Suppl 28) :S110.92. Bärtsch P, Maggiorini M, Ritter M, Noti C,Vock P, Oelz O. Prevention of high altitude pulmonary edema by nifedipine. NEngl J Med 1991; 325: 1284-9.
        90. Hohne C, Krebs MO, Seiferheld M, Boemke W, et al. Acetazolamide prevents hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in conscious dogs. J Appl Physiol 2004; 97: 515-21.
        91. Murata T, Hori M, Sakamoto K, Karaki H,Ozaki H. Dexamethasone blocks hypoxia-induced endothelial dysfunction in organ-cultured pulmonary arteries. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170: 647-55.
        92. Asoh K, Kumai T, Murano K, Kobayashi S, Koitabashi Y. Effect of antenatal dexamethasone treatment on Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthase activity in rat lung. Pediatr Res 2000; 48: 91-5.
        93. Stelzner TJ, O’Brien RF, Sato K,Weil JV. Hypoxia-induced increases in pulmonary transvascular protein escape in rats. Modulation by glucocorticoids. J Clin Invest 1988; 82: 1840-7.
        94. Stenmark KR, Davie NJ, Reeves JT, Frid MG. Hypoxia, leukocytes, and the pulmonary circulation. J Appl Physiol 2005; 98: 715-21.
        Sistema OJS 3.4.0.7 - Metabiblioteca |