Endogenous lipoid Pneumonia in a patient with relapse from a Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Neumonía lipoidea endógena en paciente con recaída de linfoma de Hodgkin. Reporte de caso

We present the case of endogenous lipoid pneumonia treated in a high-complexity hospital. This is a 26-year-old patient with a history of relapsed Hodgkin's lymphoma who consulted for persistent dry cough with chest images showing a parahilar pulmonary mass on the right side; metabolically active. He undergoes a lung biopsy to rule out malignancy. In the histological sections, distorted lung architecture is observed due to the occupation of the alveolar spaces by lipid material degraded by multinucleated macrophages composed of the cytoplasm of microvacuoles, confirming a pattern of endogenous lipoid pneumonia. After an exhaustive search for the etiology, it was considered by a multidisciplinary board that it was due to his underlying lymphoma. Segmental pulmonary lavage by bronchoscopy plus systemic steroids is used as therapeutic conduct.  With the above, the symptoms are resolved, and partial improvement in the pulmonary infiltrates is achieved, with the patient currently being followed up without relapse of pulmonary pathology.  The presentation of endogenous lipoid pneumonia is the least common among lipoid pneumonias; the case report and the review of the topic give it value given that the diagnosis frequently goes unnoticed due to its differential with infectious and/or oncological processes.