Benign metastatic leiomyoma of the lung. A case report

Leiomioma Metastásico Benigno Pulmonar. Reporte de caso

Benign metastatic leiomyomatosis (BML) is a neoplastic smooth muscle disease where the lung is the most affected organ. So, we will detail the literature by presenting the following case of a patient who underwent surgical treatment at the pulmonary level resection of the lung lesion with subsequent pathologic confirmation by biopsy. The clinical presentation of benign metastatic leiomyomatosis can range from asymptomatic onset to rapid progression that leads to respiratory failure and death. The patient presented with pulmonary symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, or chest tightness, with a diagnostic image of a simple and contrasted thoracic CT scan showing pleural effusion.

A surgical procedure was performed by thoracoscopy with evidence of a tumor-like lesion with a cystic component. Pleurectomy with decortication was performed, and it was decided to perform a non-anatomic segmental pulmonary lobectomy. The pathological anatomy revealed benign leiomyomas without atypia and mitotic activity. The patient has not yet taken a standard treatment for benign metastatic leiomyomatosis due to the hormone-sensitive characteristics of the BML and is currently in multidisciplinary follow-up. Treatments are based on hormonal manipulation along with surgical or medical oophorectomy.