Epidemiology of asthma in Colombia
Epidemiología del asma en Colombia
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There is updated evidence that enables us to assess the prevalence of asthma in Colombia, and allows us to gain insight on factors associated with its diagnosis and control.
In 1992, the first study about the prevalence of asthma in the city of Cartagena was published. It included 4000 subjects. In 2004, information was brought about by a cross-cut study that also included the diagnoses of rhinitis and dermatitis in six cities of Colombia. In 2012, a study was published that assessed the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, as well as rhinitis and eczema. In these studies, it is noteworthy that a low percentage of individuals with symptoms report having been diagnosed with asthma by a physician, even despite multiple visits to the emergency ward for this reason.
In general terms, a tendency to an increase in the prevalence of asthma has been observed over the past few years, especially in the 5-17 years age group and in subjects with atopy.
In the PREPOCOL study, whose objective was to assess the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Colombia, a 9% prevalence of asthma was found, with a 69,9% rate of underdiagnosis. With regard to mortality, there is a study published in 1998 whose analyses report that asthma mortality rates in Colombia are lower than those reported in other Latin American countries. However, updated studies are required to assess the mortality of asthma in Colombia.
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