Organization pneumonia as a cause of persistent hypoxemia in the third week of SARS CoV-2 infection, case report
Neumonía de organización como causa de hipoxemia persistente a la tercera semana de infección por SARS-CoV-2. Reporte de caso
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Coronavirus 2 is an RNA beta coronavirus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It was first detected in Wuhan, China, and spread rapidly globally, leading the WHO to declare a pandemic in March 2020. By July 2021, there had been nearly 196 million confirmed cases, being responsible for more than four million deaths worldwide.
In most cases, patients present with respiratory symptoms ranging from mild to severe, which can lead to acute lung lesions and multi-organ dysfunction; cases of refractory hypoxemia have even been reported, which implies a high morbidity and mortality. Possible causes include secondary infections, pulmonary thromboembolic disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
Most COVID-19 patients exhibit respiratory symptoms, ranging from mild to severe, with the potential for acute lung injuries and multiorgan dysfunction leading to high mortality. Cases of refractory hypoxemia in COVID-19 patients have been reported, indicating significant morbidity and mortality. Possible causes include secondary infections, pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary fibrosis, and reinfection by SARS-CoV-2.
In patients with COVID-19, organization pneumonia has been observed as a complication in the subacute and late phase of the disease, triggering significant clinical and radiological deterioration. Treatment with glucocorticoids has shown a favorable response in these cases.
We present a case of organizing pneumonia in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection that, although it did not have histological confirmation, the clinical presentation, evolution and radiological findings allowed a diagnostic approach, highlighting the importance of proper management with glucocorticoids in these cases. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the development of this complication in a larger population.
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