Ultrasound for the diagnosis of pulmonary disease in the critically ill patient

Ultrasonido para el diagnóstico diferencial de la patología pulmonar en el paciente crítico

Published 2018-11-13

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Vol. 30 No. 1 (2018)
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Topics review
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Ultrasound for the diagnosis of pulmonary disease in the critically ill patient.
rev. colomb. neumol. [Internet]. 2018 Nov. 13 [cited 2024 Nov. 26];30(1):29-42. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.30789/rcneumologia.v30.n1.2018.299
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https://doi.org/10.30789/rcneumologia.v30.n1.2018.299
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María Camila Arango-Granados
    Virginia Zarama Córdoba
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      Currently, ultrasonography (US) is considered a first line modality to guide the diagnosis and treatment of critically ill patients. US improves timing and accuracy in the diagnosis of pulmonary pathologies and causes of acute respiratory failure. Its usefulness lies in the ability to be performed immediately at the bedside, without any radiation, by the same treating physician, and to the accuracy to identify conditions such as cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, to describe alveolar occupation and consolidation patterns, to identify, characterize and quantify pleural effusions, to diagnose the presence of pneumothorax, and coupled with a focused cardiac ultrasound, to diagnose or suspect a pulmonary embolism with right ventricular overload and dysfunction. In this review we illustrate the most important ultrasonographic findings in the differential diagnosis of lung pathology and the available evidence on their diagnostic performance. The usefulness of this tool to approach and manage the critically ill patient in the Intensive Care Units or Emergency Services is indisputable. The diagnostic accuracy, promptness and opportunity to rapidly initiate specific therapies, make ultrasound a technique that must be incorporated by clinicians in charge of critically ill patients in their daily practice.

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