Anticuerpos monoclonales para el manejo del asma: de las guías a la medicina personalizada

Monoclonal antibodies for asthma management: from guides to personalized medicine

Contenido principal del artículo

Diana L. Silva E. MD.
Luis Fernando Ramírez Z., MD.
Carlos Daniel Serrano R., MD.

Resumen

El asma es una enfermedad multifactorial y compleja, con diferentes grados de riesgo y gravedad, así como de respuesta al tratamiento. La mayoría de veces, los medicamentos disponibles son efectivos en el asma grave; sin embargo, existe un porcentaje de pacientes que no responde al tratamiento que sugieren las guías. En los últimos años ha venido investigándose el papel de moléculas inflamatorias que contribuyen a la fisiopatología del asma, y muchas de ellas se han considerado posibles dianas en el manejo del asma grave. Como consecuencia de esto, se han desarrollado algunos anticuerpos monoclonales que han probado su efectividad en el tratamiento de la enfermedad. El estudio de estas nuevas terapias ha permitido a su vez identificar nuevas vías inflamatorias específicas. Este artículo pretende dar una visión crítica de las guías actuales para el manejo del asma grave, así como discutir su tratamiento actual y futuro, a la luz de las nuevas evidencias moleculares. Mediante una caracterización adecuada, se podrán reconocer diferentes fenotipos que a su vez están asociados con un determinado biomarcador, el cuál deberá utilizarse para seleccionar el tratamiento que pueda ofrecer la mayor efectividad en estos pacientes. De esta forma, el tratamiento estará dirigiéndose hacia una medicina personalizada.

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Biografía del autor/a (VER)

Diana L. Silva E. MD., Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad Icesi. Cali, Colombia.

Unidad de Alergia. Fundación Valle del Lili. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Icesi. Cali, Colombia.

Luis Fernando Ramírez Z., MD., Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad Icesi. Cali, Colombia.

Unidad de Alergia. Fundación Valle del Lili. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Icesi. Cali, Colombia.

Carlos Daniel Serrano R., MD., Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad Icesi. Cali, Colombia.

Unidad de Alergia. Fundación Valle del Lili. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Icesi. Cali, Colombia.

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